The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has intensified its efforts to combat marriage fraud, a tactic increasingly used by foreign nationals to gain U.S. citizenship. Officials now describe this practice as a growing industry that poses a serious threat to national security.
Marriage-based green cards have long been one of the quickest and most direct routes to permanent residency in the U.S. In the past, foreign nationals at risk of losing their legal status could avoid deportation by marrying a U.S. citizen. After receiving a marriage green card, they could apply for citizenship after three years of continuous residence. While genuine marriages remain legal grounds for residency, USCIS has increased scrutiny to identify and stop fraudulent unions.
A marriage is considered fraudulent when it is entered into for immigration benefits, involves payment for the marriage, or is based on false intentions. According to Herman Law Firm, knowingly participating in a fake marriage or deceiving someone into marriage for legal gain qualifies as fraud. In response, USCIS has strengthened its review process. Applicants must now provide extensive legal documentation, beginning with a valid marriage certificate, to prove the legitimacy of their relationship.
Immigration lawyer Abhisha Parikh told Business Standard that the consequences of a denied application can be severe. “If you’re out of status and apply for a marriage-based green card — or if you fall out of status while your case is pending — a denial could land you in deportation court,” she said. “This is a major shift.”
The agency also operates an online portal for reporting suspected cases of marriage fraud. Citizens are encouraged to submit detailed information and supporting evidence to help investigations.
In May 2025, a 20-year-old Indian national, Aakash Prakash Makwana, pleaded guilty to entering into a sham marriage with a U.S. citizen in exchange for money. Although he and his partner provided joint lease agreements, shared bills, and bank accounts to appear legitimate, the court found the evidence to be falsified.
As USCIS increases its oversight, more cases are being referred directly to immigration court. This significantly raises the risk of deportation for individuals involved in fraudulent marriages.
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