Gaining U.S. citizenship through marriage is one of the most common and well-known immigration paths. While love may bring people together, the legal process of becoming a U.S. citizen through marriage involves more than just tying the knot. There are strict requirements, paperwork, interviews, and importantly, immigration fees that must be paid at each step of the journey.
How Much Does It Cost to Get Citizenship Through Marriage
This article explores the detailed costs involved in obtaining U.S. citizenship through marriage. We will break down each phase — from the initial green card application to naturalization — while also discussing immigration types, procedures, timelines, and critical immigration requirements.
Step 1: Marriage to a U.S. Citizen
The first requirement is being legally married to a U.S. citizen. A fiancé visa (K-1) or spousal visa (CR-1 or IR-1) is needed for those not yet in the United States. The K-1 visa allows the foreign national to enter the U.S. for marriage, which must occur within 90 days. A CR-1 or IR-1 is for those already married outside the U.S.
It’s important to understand that marriage alone does not grant legal status or citizenship. It is simply the gateway to apply for permanent residency, also known as a green card.
Key Costs at This Stage:
- Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative): $535
- K-1 Visa Application Fee (if applicable): $265
- Medical Examination: $200–$500 (varies by country)
- Translations and Document Prep: $100–$500
Total estimated cost: $800 to $1,300 (excluding travel and living expenses)
Step 2: Adjustment of Status to Obtain Green Card
Once married and living in the United States, the foreign spouse can file for Adjustment of Status (AOS) to receive a green card. This is done by submitting Form I-485 to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
Key Costs for Green Card Through Marriage:
- Form I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence): $1,140
- Biometrics Fee: $85
- Form I-864 (Affidavit of Support): No fee, but requires financial documentation
- Medical Examination (if not done earlier): $200–$500
Total estimated cost: $1,425 to $1,725
Note: If the couple has been married for less than two years, a conditional green card is issued. This must be converted to a permanent green card after two years by filing Form I-751, which comes with additional fees.
Step 3: Removing Conditions on Residency
When a foreign spouse is granted a conditional green card, they must file Form I-751 within 90 days of the card’s expiration to remove conditions and obtain a 10-year permanent green card.
Key Costs for Removing Conditions:
- Form I-751 Fee: $595
- Biometrics Fee: $85
Total estimated cost: $680
This step is crucial because failure to remove conditions can result in loss of residency status and even deportation proceedings.
Step 4: Applying for Naturalization
After holding a green card for three years (while married to a U.S. citizen), the foreign national can apply for naturalization using Form N-400. This is the final step toward becoming a U.S. citizen.
Key Costs for Citizenship Application:
- Form N-400 (Application for Naturalization): $640
- Biometrics Fee: $85
Total estimated cost: $725
Additional Expenses to Consider:
- Attorney fees (optional but helpful): $1,500–$5,000
- Travel to interviews and appointments: varies by location
- Passport application after citizenship: $130
Total Cost Breakdown
Here is a rough total of the minimum cost for a typical citizenship through marriage process (excluding attorney fees and personal travel expenses):
- Initial Petition and Visa Fees: $800–$1,300
- Adjustment of Status: $1,425–$1,725
- Removing Conditions: $680
- Naturalization Application: $725
Grand Total: $3,630–$4,430
This figure can rise significantly with legal assistance, document translations, and medical requirements. Still, for many, the investment is well worth it for the opportunity to build a life in the United States with a spouse.
Common Challenges and Delays
Many applicants underestimate the time, complexity, and documentation required for each phase. USCIS processing times can vary widely depending on location and case complexity. Additionally, failing to submit complete documents, inconsistencies in interviews, or insufficient proof of a bona fide marriage can result in costly delays or denials.
Hiring an immigration attorney can reduce these risks, but it also adds to the overall cost. Applicants should also ensure they are meeting all the immigration requirements at every stage.
Understanding Different Immigration Types
While marriage-based immigration is a common route, it’s just one of many immigration types. Others include employment-based visas, refugee or asylum status, and family-based sponsorship. Marriage-based pathways can be quicker in some cases but come with strict scrutiny to prevent fraud.
How to Budget and Prepare
If you’re planning to apply for U.S. citizenship through marriage, it’s wise to set aside funds for each step in advance. Create a timeline with deadlines for applications and expected fee payments. You can also explore fee waivers if you meet certain financial criteria, although waivers are not available for all forms.
Visit the official USCIS website or check reliable sources such as Popular Migrant’s Immigration Fees section for the most current fee structures and guidance.
Conclusion
The journey to U.S. citizenship through marriage can be long, expensive, and emotionally taxing, but it also offers the chance for a stable life with a loved one in the United States. While the average cost ranges between $3,500 and $4,500, careful planning, understanding the requirements, and staying informed about the process can make all the difference.
Ultimately, citizenship not only offers legal security and the right to vote, but it also solidifies the foundation of a shared future built on trust, love, and commitment. If you are ready to take that step, make sure you understand the immigration types and immigration requirements before beginning your journey.
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